Physical Therapy for the Lower Back: How to Prevent and Treat Lower Back Pain

Lower back pain is one of the most commoncondition, during which case the treatment plan
causes of job-related disability and why somemay consist of resolving the underlying condition
people miss work. It is also the second mostto treat the back pain.
common neurological ailment in the United States,Lower Back Pain and Physical Therapy Exercise
second only to headache. In fact, approximatelyPhysical therapy exercise is one of the most
80% of adults in Western countries have, atcommon methods of treating lower back pain. In
some point, experienced lower back pain.fact, many home remedies for lower back pain
For some fortunate people, pain in the lower backconsist of exercise, because the general theory is
may be resolved by itself or with the aid ofthat if you remain active, you remain healthy. This
medication within two to four weeks. However,is true in most cases.
there are some cases of lower back pain thatHowever, for purposes of this article, the
may last for more than a few weeks, duringexercises featured here will be those that are
which case the condition is termed as "chronic"practiced by physical therapists to treat patients
and "progressive," meaning it can only growwith lower back pain.
worse over time.Generally, in physical therapy exercises, the
Moreover, 60-80% of those patients who sufferexercise program for back pain should encompass
their first episode of lower back pain maya set of stretching exercises, strengthening
experience recurring pain within one year.exercises, and low impact aerobics. Read below
According to current research, there are certainfor more on these exercises:
muscles in the back that work to stabilize the-Stretching
spine. When the spine or the back suffers anThe back of a person is composed of the spinal
injury, these muscles are reflexively inhibited orcolumn and contiguous muscles, ligaments and
shutdown. Worse still, these muscles do nottendons. All these are designed to move in
spontaneously recover, and this is true even ifconsonance with each other so that any limitation
patients do not feel pain and are able to return toin the range of motion in any of these
normal activity levels.components of the back result in back pain.
As a result of the inhibition of these muscles,Stretching for lower back pain specifically targets
called lumbar multifidi and the transversussoft tissues, such as muscles, ligaments and
abdominus, lower back pain occurs. However,tendons, found in the back and around the spine.
there are steps you can take to prevent theBy stretching, the spine and soft tissues are
same thing from happening to you.mobilized, increasing motion and thus, relieving pain.
Lower Back Pain and Physical TherapyThere are many kinds of stretching exercises
One way to prevent the inhibition of the lumbaremployed by physical therapists. One is the
multifidi and transversus abdominus is through aHamstring Stretching Exercise which works to
series of physical therapy exercises.relax tight hamstrings, a common symptom of
Designed to strengthen the muscles of the lowerlower back pain. This exercise is said to help
back and keep the spine healthy, these physicaldecrease the intensity of lower back pain among
therapy exercises may range from backsufferers.
stabilization exercises to muscle strength-Strengthening
development and several wide variety ofPhysical therapists generally use two forms of
techniques.strengthening and back pain relief exercises,
In addition, a physical therapist may alsousually depending on the specific condition of the
recommend such methods as heat therapy,patient. These are the McKenzie exercises and
ultrasound, massage, mobilization, and educationdynamic lumbar stabilization exercises. However,
about posture and body mechanics in order tothe two forms of strengthening exercises may
prevent lower back pain from recurring.also be combined should the therapist find it
Some of these methods will be discussed later on.appropriate to do so.
You will also find some practical self-help tips-McKenzie Exercises
provided by experts to help you avoid lower backNamed after a physical therapist in New Zealand,
pain or prevent the condition from worsening.McKenzie exercises are primarily extension
However, before we head on to learning howexercises that could help reduce pain generated
lower back pain is treated through physicalfrom the disc space and also may help reduce
therapy, it is important that we first understandthe symptoms of herniated disc by reducing
what causes lower back pain.pressure on a nerve root.
Lower Back Pain: CAUSESFor acute pain, the McKenzie exercises should be
There are actually many types of back pain, butdone frequently, at least once every two hours.
the most common is pain in the lower back. Why?In addition, patients are advised to avoid flexing
You might ask. The reason is simple: you carrytheir spine when exercising.
most of your weight in the lower back. Thus, it is-Dynamic Lumbar Stabilization Exercises
highly likely that a person would suffer pain in thatUsing this back exercise technique, the first thing
area.that a physical therapist does is to look for the
There is no definitive cause of lower back pain.patient's "neutral" spine. This refers to the position
Sometimes, the causes of the condition are sothat allows the patient to feel the most
complex that it is difficult to pinpoint just a singlecomfortable.
one.Afterwards, when the patient is in that position,
However, physical therapists and other healthcarethe back muscles are then exercised in order to
professionals have observed that lower back pain"teach" the spine how to stay in this position.
is often a result of strained back muscles andPerforming these exercises on a regular basis can
ligaments due to any of the following activities:help strengthen the back muscles and keep the
Improper posturespine well-positioned.
Heavy liftingLow Impact Aerobic Exercises
Sudden awkward movementThe purpose of low impact aerobic exercise is to
Muscle spasmrecondition the back. Patients who undergo
Stressreconditioning of the back through low impact
We could all be guilty of the above activities. Weaerobic exercise will have fewer episodes of
may not suffer any back pains now, but it is likelylower back pain.
that as we get older and the degree of inhibitionIn addition, whenever an episode of lower back
of the back muscles as a result of these activitiespain does occur, the pain is less intense and lasts
increases, back pain becomes a very distinctonly for a short period.
possibility.Another benefit of low impact aerobic exercise is
In addition to these common activities, lower backthat patients tend to stay functional that is, they
pain may also result from specific conditions, suchcan continue with their regular work and carry on
as:with recreational activities. In contrast, patients
Herniated disk (when the disk material presses onwho do not undergo low impact aerobic exercises
a nerve)typically experience the gradual loss of their
Sciatica (when a herniated disk presses on thefunctional abilities.
sciatic nerve. The condition causes sharp, shootingFor low impact aerobic exercises to achieve their
pain through the buttocks and the back of thedesired results, they should be continuous. This will
leg.)increase the heart rate and keep it elevated as
Spinal stenosis (when the space around the spinalwell as increase the production of endorphins,
cord and nerve roots becomes narrow. This iswhich are pain fighting hormones released by the
caused by arthritis and bone overgrowth, the painbody.
resulting from when a nerve gets pinched in theHere are some examples of low impact aerobic
narrow space.)exercises that you may want to try in order to
Spondylosis (a type of arthritis affecting the spinelessen or reduce lower back pain:
due to degenerative changes brought on by-Walking
aging)One of the simplest forms of aerobic exercises,
Spondylolisthesis (when one vertebra in the spinalwalking is generally considered as very gentle on
column slips forward over another)the back. To get the maximum benefit from
Lower Back Pain: TREATMENTwalking as a form of low impact aerobic exercise,
The treatment of lower back pain depends onwalk two to three miles three times per week.
several factors, including the specific type of-Stationary Bicycling
lower back pain (whether it is chronic or acute)This form of aerobic exercise is less painful on
and the purported cause.the back since there is lower impact produced.
For instance, acute lower back pain is commonlyThis is beneficial for patients with lower back pain
treated with pain relieving drugs, such aswho may find walking too painful.
analgesics, or some forms of exercises that can-Water Therapy
help relax the muscles.Sometimes referred to as aquatherapy, water
On the other hand, chronic back pain or one thattherapy is simply doing exercise in the water. The
lasts for more than two weeks and isbuoyancy works to provide effective conditioning
progressive may be caused by some underlyingat the same time stress on the back is reduced.